浙江2021年成考高起点《英语》必考知识
26个英语字母:
元音字母(A、E、I、O、U),其余21个为辅音字母。
1、元音字母在重读开音节、闭音节和r音节中的读音规则
(1)元音字母在重读开音节中一般读字母的名称音
a/ei/e/i/i(y)/ai/o/əu/u/ju:/
1)开音节:①辅+元he me we
②元+辅+e name take hate
字母a读作/ei/blame/bleim/
字母e读作/i:/be/bi:/
字母i(y)读作/ai/five/faiv/
字母o读作/əu/close/kləuz/
字母u读作/ju:/huge/hju:dʒ/
2)闭音节:辅+元+辅hot cut leg
(2)元音字母在闭音节中读所规定的短元音
a/ae/e/e/i(y)/i/o/ɔ/u/ʌ/或/u/
(3)元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
1)a读作/ə/
again/əˈgen/ago/əˈgəʊ/vacation/vəˈkeiʃn/
woman/ˈwʊmən/breakfast/ˈbrekfəs/
a+辅音字母+无声字母e,读/i/
village/ˈvɪlɪdʒ/palace/ˈpælis/
2)e读作/ə/或/i/
excellent/ˈeksələnt/silent/ˈsaɪlənt/open/ˈəʊpən/
exam/igˈzæm/sentence/ˈsentəns/problem/ˈprɔbləm/
decide/diˈsaid/
e在前缀和后缀中读/i/
behind/biˈhaind/wanted/ˈwɔntid/actress/ˈæktris/
exam/igˈzæm/decide/diˈsaid/repeat/riɪˈpi:t/
3)i(y)读作/i/或/ai/
lily/ˈlili/city/ˈsiti/satisfy/ˈsætisfai/
4)o读作/ə/或/ɔ/
bottom/ˈbɔtəm/common/ˈkɔmən/second/ˈsekənd/
o在词尾的非重读音节中常读/əu/
radio/ˈreidiəʊ/potato/pəˈteitəʊ/piano/piˈænəʊ/
5)u读作/ə/,/ju/
autumn/ˈɔ:təm/support/səˈpɔ:t/occupy/ˈɒkjupai/
(4)其他常见字母组合在非重读音节中的读音
-tion,-sion,-ssion读作/ʃn/或/ʃən/
production/prəˈdʌkʃn/section/ˈsekʃn/nation/ˈneiʃn/
version/ˈvə:ʃn/impression/imˈpreʃn/
(5)常见元音字母组合的读音
ar读作/ɑː/如:car/kɑː/hard/hɑːd/park/pɑːk/
or读作/ɔ:/如:horse/hɔ:s/sport/spɔ:t/north/nɔ:θ/
er,ir,ur均读作/ə:/如:term/tə:m/shirt/ʃə:t/burn/bə:n/
ee读作/i:/如:feel/fi:l/sleep/sli:p/see/si:/
ea读作/i:/如:meat/mi:t/peace/pi:s/clean/kli:n/
ei,ie读作/i:/如:field/fi:ld/deceive/dɪˈsi:v/piece/pi:s/
ear读作/iə/或/ɛə/
(/iə/tear/tiə/hear/hiə(r)/year/jiə(r)/)
(/ɛə/wear/weə(r)/bear/beə(r)/pear/peə(r)/)
ear后有辅音时读作:/ə:/(learn/lə:n/early/ˈə:li]/)
ew,eu读作:/ju:/new/nju:/few/fju:/feudal/ˈfju:dl/neutral/ˈnju:trəl/
au,augh,aw读作/ɔ:/cause/kɔ:z/daughter/ˈdɔ:tə(r)/saw/sɔ:/
ig,igh读作/ai/bright/brait/high/hai/sign/sain/
ai,ay读作/ei/play/plei/way/wei/main/mein/
ind读作/aind/mind/maind/kind/kaind/find/faind/
ou读作/au/或/ʌ/house/haʊs/about/əˈbaʊt/sound/saʊnd/
al读作/ɔ:/或/ɔ:l/talk/tɔ:k/walk/wɔ:k/ball/bɔ:l/
oi,oy读作/ɔi/voice/vɔis/point/pɔint/joy/dʒɔi/
ia,ie,io读作/aiə/dialogue/'daiəlɒɡ/quiet/ˈkwaiət/violence/ˈvaiələns/
oo读作/u:/,有时也读作/u/food/fu:d/school/sku:l/good/gʊd/
oo后面为K时,读作/u/book/bʊk/look/lʊk/
oor,oar读作/ɔ:/board/bɔ:d/floor/flɔ:(r)/door/dɔ:(r)/
oa读作/əu/road/rəʊd/coat/kəʊt/load/ləʊd/
ow读作/au/或/əu/know/nəʊ/grow/grəʊ/now/naʊ/
our读作/ɔ:/或/auə/pour/pɔ:(r)/course/kɔ:s/our/aʊə/
ough读作/ɔ:/bought/bɔ:t/thought/θɔ:t/
owe读作/auə/flower/ˈflaʊə(r)/power/ˈpaʊə(r)/tower/ˈtaʊə(r)/
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